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In computer networking, localhost is a hostname that refers to the current computer used to access it. The name localhost is reserved for loopback purposes. [1] It is used to access the network services that are running on the host via the loopback network interface.
The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.
These meanings may not be consistent between operating systems. In both Windows and Linux, when selecting which of a host's IP address to use as a source IP, a program may specify INADDR_ANY (0.0.0.0). [3] [4] In Linux a program may specify 0.0.0.0 as the remote address to connect to the current host (AKA localhost). [2]
The domain name .local is a special-use domain name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) so that it may not be installed as a top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. As such it is similar to the other special domain names, such as .localhost. [1]
In C programming, the functions getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() convert domain names, hostnames, and IP addresses between human-readable text representations and structured binary formats for the operating system's networking API. Both functions are contained in the POSIX standard application programming interface (API). [1]
-n: Bypasses translating IP addresses to symbolic host names-q: Suppresses all output-v: Verbose; COMMAND: The command to run (add, delete, change, get, monitor, flush)-net: <dest> is a network address-host: <dest> is host name or address (default)-netmask: the mask of the route <dest>: IP address or host name of the destination
The myIpAddress function has often been reported to give incorrect or unusable results, e.g. 127.0.0.1, the IP address of the localhost. [5] It may help to remove on the system's host file (e.g. /etc/hosts on Linux) any lines referring to the machine host-name, while the line 127.0.0.1 localhost can, and should, stay. [citation needed]
nslookup operates in interactive or non-interactive mode. When used interactively by invoking it without arguments or when the first argument is - (minus sign) and the second argument is a hostname or Internet address of a name server, the user issues parameter configurations or requests when presented with the nslookup prompt (>).