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The Two Row Wampum Treaty, also known as Guswenta or Kaswentha and as the Tawagonshi Agreement of 1613 or the Tawagonshi Treaty, is a mutual treaty agreement, made in 1613 between representatives of the Five Nations of the Haudenosaunee (or Iroquois) and representatives of the Dutch government in what is now upstate New York. [1]
The International Bible Society (now known as Biblica) published the New Testament of the New Urdu Bible Version (NUBV) in 2009. This is based on their 1983 revision of New International Version (NIV) in English. [19] It was published in India only, not in Pakistan. In 2011 the Urdu Geo Version was published by Geolink Resources LLC.
The Covenant Chain is embodied in the Two Row Wampum of the Iroquois, known as the people of the longhouse - Haudenosaunee. It was based in agreements negotiated between Dutch settlers in New Netherland (present-day New York) and the Five Nations of the Iroquois (or Haudenosaunee) early in the 17th century.
Before European contact, strings of wampum were used for storytelling, ceremonial gifts, and recording important treaties and historical events, such as the Two Row Wampum Treaty [2] [3] and the Hiawatha Belt. Wampum was also used by the northeastern Indigenous tribes as a means of exchange, [4] strung together in lengths for convenience. The ...
Two Row Wampum Treaty [note 47] Treaty between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch government. 1614 Treaty of Xanten: Ends the War of the Jülich Succession. 1615 Peace of Asti: Duke Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy relinquishes claims on Monferrato. Peace of Tyrnau: Recognizes Gábor Bethlen as the Prince of Transylvania. Treaty of Serav
In 2019, Queen Elizabeth II was given a replica of the Two Row Wampum (Kaswentha), which symbolized an agreement between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch Crown in 1613, which formed the foundation of the Covenant Chain of later treaties with the English Crown. The parallel rows of purple beads "represent two groups living in ...
Harris used 2 Bibles. Harris used two Bibles to be sworn in on Jan. 20, USA TODAY reported. One Bible belonged to the late civil rights icon and Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, who helped ...
[11] In his lectures, he reminded European colonizers of the new world of their obligations under the two row wampum, the most significant pact made between the Iroquois and Europeans. His eloquence, persistence, and ability to speak French helped win the support of some nations, including Ireland, Panama, Persia, Japan, and Estonia. [ 12 ]