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Vinaya Patrika (Letter of petition [1]) is a devotional poem composed by the 16th-century Indian poet, Goswami Tulsidas (c. 1532 – c. 1623), containing hymns to different Hindu deities, especially to Rama. [2] The language of the text is Braj Bhasha. [1] Vinaya Patrika is an important work of medieval Hindi Literature and Bhakti movement.
Surdas was a 16th-century blind Hindu devotional poet and singer, who was known for his works written in praise of Krishna. [2] His compositions captured his devotion towards Krishna. Most of his poems were written in the Braj language, while some were also written in other dialects of medieval Hindi, like Awadhi.
The Narada Bhakti Sutra (IAST: Nārada Bhakti Sūtra) is a well known sutra venerated within the traditions of Hinduism, reportedly spoken by the famous sage, Narada.The text details the process of devotion (), or Bhakti yoga and is thus of particular importance to many of the Bhakti movements within Hinduism.
The Hindu devotional Bhakti traditions place a focus on repetitive prayer, known as japa. Prayer is centred on the personal forms of gods and goddesses, such as Vishnu's avatars, most notably Rama and Krishna, Shiva, or Shiva's sons such as Kartikeya and Ganesha, as well as Mahadevi, the supreme goddess, and her forms, such as Lakshmi or Kali.
Hinduism is an ancient religion, with denominations such as Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism, among others. [1] [2] Each tradition has a long list of Hindu texts, with subgenre based on syncretization of ideas from Samkhya, Nyaya, Yoga, Vedanta and other schools of Hindu philosophy.
Vallabhacharya was a devotional philosopher, who founded the Pushti sect in India. He won the title of acharya by traveling and debating advaita scholars from a young age. In 1493-94 Vallabhacharya is said to have identified an image of Krishna at the Govardhan hill at Braj .
Rupa defines bhakti as "Bhakti is said to be service to Krishna, by means of the senses. This service is free of all limitations, dedicated to Him and pure [of self-motive]." [This quote needs a citation] Jiva aligns closely with this, stating that bhakti is the preeminent path to attaining perfection through service. The ultimate expression of ...
The authorship of the Hanuman Chalisa is attributed to Tulsidas, a poet-saint who lived in the 16th century CE. [10] He mentions his name in the last verse of the hymn. It is said in the 39th verse of the Hanuman Chalisa that whoever chants it with full devotion to Hanuman, will have Hanuman's grace.