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Such circuits are widely used for frequency conversion in radio systems. [1] The advantage of this circuit is the output current is an accurate multiplication of the (differential) base currents of both inputs. As a mixer, its balanced operation cancels out many unwanted mixing products, resulting in a "cleaner" output.
In the Armstrong method, the audio signal and the radio frequency carrier signal are applied to the balanced modulator to generate a double sideband suppressed carrier signal. The phase of this output signal is then shifted 90 degrees with respect to the original carrier. The balanced modulator output can either lead or lag the carrier's phase.
Block diagram. The NE612 is an integrated circuit for processing of signals, such as in the transmission of radio signals. It consists of a oscillator and a mixer. [1] It can handle signal frequencies of up to 500 MHz and local oscillator frequencies of up to 200 MHz.
Thus, a of zero indicates that the system is balanced (and thus exists entirely in the alpha-beta coordinate space), and can be ignored for two coordinate calculations that operate under this assumption that the system is balanced. This is the elegance of the clarke transform as it reduces a three component system into a two component system ...
The tank circuit (LC), connected to the collector via a capacitor, contains a pair of varicap diodes. As the voltage applied to the varicaps is changed, the phase shift of the output will change. Phase modulation is mathematically equivalent to direct Frequency modulation with a 6 dB/octave high-pass filter applied to the modulating signal ...
Figure 1. Schematic circuit of a Π-pad attenuator. The Π pad (pi pad) is a specific type of attenuator circuit in electronics whereby the topology of the circuit is formed in the shape of the Greek capital letter pi (Π). Attenuators are used in electronics to reduce the level of a signal.
Optical heterodyne detection is a method of extracting information encoded as modulation of the phase, frequency or both of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength band of visible or infrared light. The light signal is compared with standard or reference light from a "local oscillator" (LO) that would have a fixed offset in frequency and ...
When data is transmitted over balanced lines, it is easy to accidentally invert polarity in the cable between the transmitter and the receiver. Similarly for BPSK. To demodulate BPSK, one needs to make a local oscillator synchronous with the remote one. This is accomplished by a carrier recovery circuit. However, the integer part of the ...