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Americium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Am and atomic number 95. ... The capture of two neutrons by 239 Pu (a so-called (n,γ) reaction), ...
Americium-241 (241 Am, Am-241) is an isotope of americium. Like all isotopes of americium, it is radioactive , with a half-life of 432.2 years . 241 Am is the most common isotope of americium as well as the most prevalent isotope of americium in nuclear waste .
Americium-241 is the most common isotope of americium in nuclear waste. [8] It is the isotope used in an americium smoke detector based on an ionization chamber.
An even number of protons or neutrons is more stable (higher binding energy) because of pairing effects, so even–even nuclides are much more stable than odd–odd. One effect is that there are few stable odd–odd nuclides: in fact only five are stable, with another four having half-lives longer than a billion years.
ORNL actinides from HFIR (in parentheses) were involved in these superheavy element discoveries: flerovium-114 in 2000 (americium-243); moscovium-115 (americium-243), which was observed in 2004 ...
Americium can be formed by neutron capture of 239 Pu and 240 Pu, forming 241 Pu which then beta decays to 241 Am. [4] In general, as the energy of the neutrons increases, the ratio of the fission cross section to the neutron capture cross section changes in favour of fission.
The radionuclide used is americium-241, which is created by bombarding plutonium with neutrons in a nuclear reactor. It decays by emitting alpha particles and gamma radiation to become neptunium-237. Smoke detectors use a very small quantity of 241 Am (about 0.29 micrograms per smoke detector) in the form of americium dioxide.
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