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  2. Eustachian tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustachian_tube

    The Eustachian tube (/ j uː ˈ s t eɪ ʃ ən /), also called the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, [1] is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear, of which it is also a part. In adult humans, the Eustachian tube is approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. [ 2 ]

  3. Pharynx - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharynx

    The auditory tube, which connects the middle ear to the pharynx, opens into the nasopharynx at the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube. The opening and closing of the auditory tubes serves to equalize the barometric pressure in the middle ear with that of the ambient atmosphere. Details of torus tubarius

  4. Torus tubarius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torus_tubarius

    The torus tubarius (or torus of the auditory tube) is an elevation of the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx formed by the underlying base of the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube (auditory tube). The torus tubarius is situated behind the pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube. [1]

  5. Salpingopharyngeus muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salpingopharyngeus_muscle

    The salpingopharyngeus muscle is a muscle of the pharynx. It arises from the lower part of the cartilage of the Eustachian tube, [1] and inserts into the palatopharyngeus muscle by blending with its posterior fasciculus. It is innervated by vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) via the pharyngeal plexus.

  6. Middle ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_ear

    The inner part of the spiracle, still connected to the pharynx, forms the eustachian tube. [7] In reptiles, birds, and early fossil tetrapods, there is a single auditory ossicle, the columella which is homologous with the stapes, or "stirrup" of mammals.

  7. Ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear

    The middle ear and its components develop from the first and second pharyngeal arches. [20] The tympanic cavity and auditory tube develop from the first part of the pharyngeal pouch between the first two arches in an area which will also go on to develop the pharynx. This develops as a structure called the tubotympanic recess. [20]

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  9. Swallowing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallowing

    7) Opening of the auditory tube. The actions of the levator palatini (pharyngeal plexus—IX, X), tensor palatini (Vc) and salpingopharyngeus (pharyngeal plexus—IX, X) in the closure of the nasopharynx and elevation of the pharynx opens the auditory tube, which equalises the pressure between the nasopharynx and the middle ear. This does not ...