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An event data recorder (EDR), more specifically motor vehicle event data recorder (MVEDR), similar to an accident data recorder, (ADR) sometimes referred to informally as an automotive black box (by analogy with the common nickname for flight recorders), is a device installed in some automobiles to record information related to traffic collisions.
The first ADR was introduced by J.P. Morgan in 1927 for the British retailer Selfridges on the New York Curb Exchange, the American Stock Exchange's precursor. [4] They are the U.S. equivalent of a global depository receipt (GDR). Securities of a foreign company that are represented by an ADR are called American depositary shares (ADSs).
Accident data recorders work to measure the accelerations, depending on the equipment in two or three spatial directions, with micromechanical sensors.Often several sensor systems with different resolutions are used in order to be able to log both the driving dynamic processes and the collision dynamics.
ADR should not be mistaken for a renaming of MVC; however, some similarities do exist. The MVC model is very similar to the ADR domain.The difference is in behavior: in MVC, the view can send information to or modify the model, [citation needed] whereas in ADR, the domain only receives information from the action, not the responder.
ADR received the first patent issued for a computer program, a sorting system, on April 23, 1968. [6] The program was developed by Martin Goetz. [7] In this effort, ADR enlisted support of the Association of Data Processing Service Organizations (ADAPSO), which argued that being able to patent software innovations was vital to smaller companies being able to succeed in the market against ...
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A typical ADR goes through the following steps before it is issued: [2] The issuing bank in the U.S. studies the financials of the foreign company in detail to assess the strength of its stock. The bank buys shares of the foreign company. The shares are grouped into packets. Each packet is issued as an ADR through an American stock exchange.