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Amenorrhea or amenorrhoea is the absence of a menstrual period in a female who has reached reproductive age. [1] Physiological states of amenorrhoea are seen, most commonly, during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding). [1] Outside the reproductive years, there is absence of menses during childhood and after menopause. [1]
Oligoamenorrhea, also known as irregular infrequent periods or irregular infrequent menstrual bleeding, is a collective term to refer to both oligomenorrhea (infrequent periods) and amenorrhea (absence of periods). [1] It is a menstrual disorder in which menstrual bleeding occurs on an infrequent and irregular basis.
It begins with the main symptom, which is amenorrhea, where there is an irregular or no menstrual period at all. Other symptoms are related to ovarian cysts, and more common ones are also listed below. A variation of symptoms can occur together, however, that depends on the person and the severity of the disease. Primary amenorrhea
The term metrorrhagia is often used for irregular menstruation that occurs between the expected menstrual periods. [9] [10] Oligomenorrhea is the medical term for infrequent, often light menstrual periods (intervals exceeding 35 days). [11] Polymenorrhea is the medical term for cycles with intervals of 21 days or fewer.
Hypoestrogenism is most commonly found in women who are postmenopausal, have primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), or are presenting with amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods). Hypoestrogenism includes primarily genitourinary effects, including thinning of the vaginal tissue layers and an increase in vaginal pH.
Patients may present with subclinical menstrual dysfunction, ovulatory amenorrhea, amenorrhea, or have a history of combination of these disturbances. [9] In most cases, there is a gradual loss of ovulation and menses demonstrated as the diseases manifests, followed by the eventual cessation of menstrual cycles altogether. [ 4 ]
1. Pregnancy. Cramping can actually be caused by the opposite of getting your period—it may be a sign of early pregnancy, says Julia Cron, M.D., site chief and vice chair of the Department of ...
Ovulatory menstrual periods tend to be regular and predictable in terms of cycle length, duration and heaviness of bleeding, and other symptoms. Ovulatory periods are often accompanied by midcycle symptoms such as mittelschmerz or premenstrual symptoms. In contrast, anovulation usually manifests itself as irregularity of menstrual periods, that ...