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The Juvenile Delinquents Act (French: Loi sur les jeunes délinquants), SC 1908, c 40 was a law passed by the Parliament of Canada to improve its handling of juvenile crime. The act established procedures for the handling of juvenile offenses, including the government assuming control of juvenile offenders.
A Psycho-Educational Study of Juvenile Delinquents During Residential Treatment (1976) Richard Ernest Tremblay OC FRSC (born November 23, 1944) [ 1 ] is a Canadian child psychologist and Professor of Pediatrics, Psychiatry, and Psychology at the University of Montreal , where he holds the Canada Research Chair in child development .
The Young Offenders Act replaced the earlier Juvenile Delinquents Act enacted in 1908.. The Act established the national age of criminal responsibility at 12 years old, and said that youths can be prosecuted only if they break a law of the Criminal Code (previously, youths could be prosecuted or punished solely on the grounds that it was in the youth's best interests).
Albert K. Cohen (1955) did not look at the economically oriented career criminal, but looked at the delinquency subculture, focusing on gang delinquency among working class youth in slum areas which developed a distinctive culture as a response to their perceived lack of economic and social opportunity within U.S. society.
Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, is the act of participating in unlawful behavior as a minor or individual younger than the statutory age of majority. [1] These acts would be considered crimes if the individuals committing them were older. [ 2 ]
Paragraph (a) addresses the basic principles of the Act and the Act 's intentions on dealing with young offenders and youth crime. More specifically, paragraph (a) sets the basic principle that the YCJA attempts to address underlying behaviour, such as pre-existing conditions or circumstances that would lead to an offending behaviour. [ 2 ]
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Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring biocultural factors. While contemporary criminology has been dominated by sociological theories, biosocial criminology also recognizes the potential contributions of fields such as behavioral genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology.