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The two basic types are the arithmetic left shift and the arithmetic right shift. For binary numbers it is a bitwise operation that shifts all of the bits of its operand; every bit in the operand is simply moved a given number of bit positions, and the vacant bit-positions are filled in.
Java adds the operator ">>>" to perform logical right shifts, but since the logical and arithmetic left-shift operations are identical for signed integer, there is no "<<<" operator in Java. More details of Java shift operators: [10] The operators << (left shift), >> (signed right shift), and >>> (unsigned right shift) are called the shift ...
The symbol of left shift operator is <<. It shifts each bit in its left-hand operand to the left by the number of positions indicated by the right-hand operand. It works opposite to that of right shift operator. Thus by doing ch << 1 in the above example (11100101) we have 11001010. Blank spaces generated are filled up by zeroes as above.
A large number of languages support the shift operator (<<) where 1 << n aligns a single bit to the nth position. Most also support the use of the AND operator (&) to isolate the value of one or more bits. If the status-byte from a device is 0x67 and the 5th flag bit indicates data-ready. The mask-byte is 2^5 = 0x20.
Operators that are in the same cell (there may be several rows of operators listed in a cell) are grouped with the same precedence, in the given direction. An operator's precedence is unaffected by overloading. The syntax of expressions in C and C++ is specified by a phrase structure grammar. [7] The table given here has been inferred from the ...
In C and C++, operator << represents a binary left shift. In the C++ Standard Library, operator <<, when applied on an output stream, acts as insertion operator and performs an output operation on the stream. In Ruby, operator << acts as append operator when used between an array and the value to be appended.
Logical right shift differs from arithmetic right shift. Thus, many languages have different operators for them. For example, in Java and JavaScript, the logical right shift operator is >>>, but the arithmetic right shift operator is >>. (Java has only one left shift operator (<<), because left shift via logic and arithmetic have the same effect.)
The cerr and clog objects are also of type ostream, so they overload that operator as well. The cin object is of type istream, which overloads the right bit-shift operator. The directions of the bit-shift operators make it seem as though data is flowing towards the output stream or flowing away from the input stream.