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  2. Isoelectric point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoelectric_point

    The pI value can affect the solubility of a molecule at a given pH. Such molecules have minimum solubility in water or salt solutions at the pH that corresponds to their pI and often precipitate out of solution. Biological amphoteric molecules such as proteins contain both acidic and basic functional groups. Amino acids that make up proteins ...

  3. Protein pKa calculations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_pKa_calculations

    FDPB-based methods calculate the change in the pK a value of an amino acid side chain when that side chain is moved from a hypothetical fully solvated state to its position in the protein. To perform such a calculation, one needs theoretical methods that can calculate the effect of the protein interior on a p K a value, and knowledge of the pKa ...

  4. Hydrophobicity scales - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobicity_scales

    When consecutively measuring amino acids of a protein, changes in value indicate attraction of specific protein regions towards the hydrophobic region inside lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic or hydrophilic character of a compound or amino acid is its hydropathic character, [ 1 ] hydropathicity, or hydropathy.

  5. Isoionic point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoionic_point

    It was first defined by S.P.L. Sørensen, Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang and Ellen Lund in 1926 [1] and is mainly a term used in protein sciences. It is different from the isoelectric point (pI) in that pI is the pH value at which the net charge of the molecule, including bound ions is zero. Whereas the isoionic point is at net charge zero in a ...

  6. Amino acid score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_score

    To calculate the amino acid score the formula used is, the milligram of limiting amino acid in 1 gram of test protein/ the milligram of that same amino acid of reference protein multiplied by 100. [2] If food has a score of 100 it is to considered as a high quality protein with all the necessary nutrients.

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  8. Phi value analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_value_analysis

    Phi value analysis assumes Hammond's postulate, which states that energy and chemical structure are correlated.Though the relationship between the folding intermediate and native state's structures may correlate that between their energies when the energy landscape has a well-defined, deep global minimum, free energy destabilizations may not give useful structural information when the energy ...

  9. Phosphatidylinositol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol

    The significance of phosphatidylinositol (PI) metabolism lies in its role as a potential transducing mechanism, evident from studies showing hormone and neurotransmitter-induced hydrolysis of PI. The hydrolysis starts with the enzyme PI 4-kinase alpha ( PI4Kα ) converting PI into PI 4-phosphate ( PI4P ), which is then converted into PI (4,5 ...