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The Viking king of Northumbria, Halfdan Ragnarrson (Old English: Healfdene)—one of the leaders of the Viking Great Army (known to the Anglo-Saxons as the Great Heathen Army)—surrendered his lands to a second wave of Viking invaders in 876. In the next four years, Vikings gained further land in the kingdoms of Mercia and East Anglia as well ...
The Vikings stayed in East Anglia for the winter before setting out for Northumbria towards the end of 866, establishing themselves at York. In 867, the Northumbrians paid danegeld, and the Viking Army established a puppet leader in Northumbria before setting off for the Kingdom of Mercia , where in 867 they captured Nottingham.
Repeated Viking assaults on religious centres were one reason for the decrease in production of manuscripts and communal monastic culture. [91] After 867, Northumbria came under control of the Scandinavian forces, and there was an influx of Scandinavian immigrants. [92] Their religion was pagan and had a rich mythology.
This timeline summarises significant events in the history of Northumbria and Northumberland. 500 559 – Ida of Bernicia is the first known King of Bernicia ; he reigned from 547 to 559. 588 – The first king of Deira was Ælla of Deira who ruled from 560 until his death in 588. 600 604 – Aethelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form Northumbria. 613 – Æthelfrith engaged in the Battle ...
954 − King Eric was driven out of Northumbria, his death marking the end of the prospect of a Northern Viking Kingdom stretching from York to Dublin and the Isles. 1002 – St. Brice's Day massacre of the Danes 1066 − Harald Hardrada landed with an army, hoping to take control of York and the English crown.
Viking kings ruled Jórvík (southern Northumbria, the former Deira) from its capital York for most of the period between 867 and 954. Northern Northumbria (the former Bernicia) was ruled by Anglo-Saxons from their base in Bamburgh. Many details are uncertain as the history of Northumbria in the ninth and tenth centuries is poorly recorded.
After successful raids by Danish Vikings, significant parts of northeastern England, formerly Northumbria, were under their control.Danish attacks into central England had been resisted and effectively reduced by Alfred the Great, to the point where his son, King Edward of Wessex, could launch offensive attacks against the foreigners.
In the 6th century, northeast England became a centre of education as part of the Kingdom of Northumbria. The Vikings raided the area in the 9th century, establishing settlements and controlling most of northern England. The town was founded in 1245, and developed as a fishing port. Salt-panning became began in 1499.