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  2. Osteoimmunology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoimmunology

    Common diseases caused by disorder of osteoimmune system is osteoporosis and bone destruction accompanied by RA characterized by high infiltration of CD4+ T cells in rheumatoid joints, in which two mechanisms are involved: One is an indirect effect on osteoclastogenesis from rheumatoid synovial cells in joints since synovial cells have ...

  3. Osteoprotegerin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoprotegerin

    Osteoporosis is a bone-related disease caused by increased rates of bone resorption compared to bone formation. [39] A higher rate of resorption is often caused by increased osteoclastogenesis and results in symptoms of osteopenia such as excessive bone loss and low bone mineral density. [39]

  4. RANKL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RANKL

    RANKL also has a function in the immune system, where it is expressed by T helper cells and is thought to be involved in dendritic cell maturation. It is a dendritic cell survival factor and helps regulate T cell-dependent immune responses. T cell activation induces RANKL expression and can lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss.

  5. Zoledronic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoledronic_acid

    Zoledronic acid is used to prevent bone fractures in patients with cancers such as multiple myeloma and prostate cancer, as well as for treating osteoporosis. [10] It can also be used to treat hypercalcaemia of malignancy and can be helpful for treating pain from bone metastases.

  6. Bisphosphonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphosphonate

    Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of the bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, and other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone. In osteoporosis and Paget's, the most popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs are alendronate and risedronate.

  7. Denosumab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denosumab

    Denosumab, sold under the brand names Prolia among others, is a human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of osteoporosis, treatment-induced bone loss, metastases to bone, and giant cell tumor of bone. [11] [12] The most common side effects are joint and muscle pain in the arms or legs. [13]

  8. Vitamin D Won’t Prevent Falls, Fractures In Older Adults ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/vitamin-d-won-t-prevent...

    “This is even more important if the patient is on treatment for osteoporosis, since these are key substrates for building back bone – and so those medications won’t work well in the absence ...

  9. Cellular adoptive immunotherapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_adoptive...

    For example, the T- cells may not be activated and sustain the anti-tumor effect long enough, or the number of T-cells presented is insufficient. TIL therapy isolates tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which are naturally occurring T cells in cancer patients that have already recognised cancer cells and infiltrated into the tumor as an anti ...