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The Sixteenth Amendment in the National Archives. The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states on the basis of population. It was passed by Congress in 1909 in response to the 1895 Supreme Court case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
Tax protester Sixteenth Amendment arguments are assertions that the imposition of the U.S. federal income tax is illegal because the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which reads "The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration ...
Sixteenth Amendment ratification arguments have been rejected in every court case where they have been raised and have been identified as legally frivolous. [ 6 ] Some protesters have argued that because the Sixteenth Amendment does not contain the words " repeal " or "repealed", the Amendment is ineffective to change the law.
That year, the legislative branch ratified the 16th amendment, which allowed Congress to levy income taxes. The amendment overturned the Supreme Court’s previous decision that required a ...
The Law That Never Was: The Fraud of the 16th Amendment and Personal Income Tax is a 1985 book by William J. Benson and Martin J. "Red" Beckman which claims that the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, commonly known as the income tax amendment, was never properly ratified.
By February 1913, the required three-fourths of the states ratified the Sixteenth Amendment, thus adding the amendment to the constitution. [17] Later that year, Congress enacted the Revenue Act of 1913. The tax ranged from 1% on income exceeding $3,000 to 7% on incomes exceeding $500,000.
Union Pacific Railroad, 240 U.S. 1 (1916), indicated that the Sixteenth Amendment did not expand the federal government's existing power to tax income (meaning profit or gain from any source) but rather removed the possibility of classifying an income tax as a direct tax based on the source of the income. The Amendment removed the need for the ...
The implied crux of Trump’s executive order is that the 14th Amendment allows citizenship to be bestowed on anyone born within U.S. borders only if they are, at the time, “subject to the ...