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During World War II, (1940–1945), oil was set to become increasingly important for American interests. President Roosevelt had a geo-strategic plan in mind at the Anglo-American Petroleum Agreement in 1944. Succeeding President Truman defined Turkey's geo-strategic location as the "proximity to the great natural resources."
Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000. [188] This growth was fueled by internal and international migration. Istanbul's foreign population with a residence permit increased dramatically, from 43,000 in 2007 [189] to 856,377 in 2019 ...
Turkey, [a] officially the Republic of Türkiye, [b] is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west.
A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1200 (4th ed. Macmillan 2008), a standard survey. Roadnight, Andrew. United States Policy Towards Indonesia in the Truman and Eisenhower Years (2002). Scott-Smith, Giles, and David J. Snyder. "'A Test of Sentiments': Civil Aviation, Alliance Politics, and the KLM Challenge in Dutch-American Relations".
Indonesia is the world's largest producer of palm oil [183] Indonesia has a mixed economy in which the private sector and government play vital roles. [184] As the only G20 member state in Southeast Asia, [185] the country has the largest economy in the region and is classified as a newly industrialised country.
President of Indonesia Joko Widodo and Prime Minister of Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad in Putrajaya, 9 August 2019. Since independence, Indonesian foreign relations have adhered to a "free and active" foreign policy, seeking to play a role in regional affairs commensurate with its size and location but avoiding involvement in conflicts among major powers.
That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE. [ 5 ]
The United States is an important NATO ally with over a thousand military personnel stationed in Turkey. [33] The North Atlantic Treaty Regarding the Status of Their Forces (SOFA) signed in 1952 and 1954 also granted NATO the right to build facilities in Turkey such as the Incirlik air base. [ 33 ]