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When debugging a concurrent and distributed system of systems, a bootloop (also called boot loop or boot-loop) is a diagnostic condition of an erroneous state that occurs on computing devices; when those devices repeatedly fail to complete the booting process and restart before a boot sequence is finished, a restart might prevent a user from ...
Once the kernel has started, it starts the init process, [20] a daemon which then bootstraps the user space, for example by checking and mounting file systems, and starting up other processes. The init system is the first daemon to start (during booting) and the last daemon to terminate (during shutdown).
Once all the boot and system drivers have been loaded, the kernel starts the session manager (smss.exe), which begins the login process. After the user has successfully logged into the machine, winlogon applies User and Computer Group Policy setting and runs startup programs declared in the Windows Registry and in "Startup" folders.
The Primary Bootloader (PBL), which is stored in the Boot ROM [3] is the first stage of the boot process. This code is written by the chipset manufacturer. [4] The PBL verifies the authenticity of the next stage. On Samsung smartphones, the Samsung Secure Boot Key (SSBK) is used by the boot ROM to verify the next stages. [5]
Microsoft boot sectors, therefore, traditionally imposed certain restrictions on the boot process. For example, the boot file had to be located at a fixed position in the root directory of the file system and stored within consecutive sectors, [7] [8] conditions taken care of by the SYS command and slightly relaxed in later versions of DOS.
A modern PC is configured to attempt to boot from various devices in a certain order. If a computer is not booting from the device desired, such as the floppy drive, the user may have to enter the BIOS Setup function by pressing a special key when the computer is first turned on (such as Delete, F1, F2, F10 or F12), and then changing the boot order. [6]
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Booting is the process of starting a computer, specifically with regard to starting its software. The process involves a chain of stages, in which at each stage, a relatively small and simple program loads and then executes the larger, more complicated program of the next stage.