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Caused by many bacteria of genus Salmonella: Drinking water contaminated with the bacteria. More common as a food borne illness. Symptoms include diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps Typhoid fever: Salmonella typhi: Ingestion of water contaminated with feces of an infected person
Infected individuals who experience symptoms (about 10% have no symptoms) may have diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. [1] Less common symptoms include vomiting and blood in the stool. [1] Symptoms usually begin one to three weeks after exposure and, without treatment, may last two to six weeks or longer. [4]
Wilderness-acquired diarrhea is a variety of traveler's diarrhea in which backpackers and other outdoor enthusiasts are affected. Potential sources are contaminated food or water, or "hand-to-mouth", directly from another person who is infected. [1] [2] Cases generally resolve spontaneously, with or without treatment, and the cause is typically ...
Symptoms can be more severe for people who are immunocompromised, for whom diarrhea can lead to death. [3] Enteric pathogens are microorganisms that humans ingest, typically through contaminated food or water. [4] Since Cryptosporidium is a coccidian parasite, it has oocysts. [3] An oocyst is a period in the life cycle of a coccidian parasite.
Infection is mainly through drinking contaminated water or ingestion of food contaminated with faecal matter from an infected person, therefore is linked to sanitation and hygiene. When ingested, it invades the intestinal mucosa which can cause diarrhea and vomiting in a host within several hours to 2–3 days of ingestion.
The prodromal symptoms are fever, headache, and myalgia, which can be severe, lasting as long as 24 hours.After 1–5 days, typically, these are followed by diarrhea (as many as 10 watery, frequently bloody, bowel movements per day) or dysentery, cramps, abdominal pain, and fever as high as 40 °C (104 °F).
The Environmental Protection Agency recommends bringing water to a “roaring boil” for one minute to kill all water-borne bacteria. ... asthma or cause serious lung infections in those with ...
Infectious agents are the primary cause of travelers' diarrhea. Bacterial enteropathogens cause about 80% of cases. Viruses and protozoans account for most of the rest. [12] The most common causative agent isolated in countries surveyed has been enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). [12] Enteroaggregative E. coli is increasingly recognized. [13]