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Monkey clinging to the cloth mother surrogate in fear test. Harry Frederick Harlow (October 31, 1905 – December 6, 1981) was an American psychologist best known for his maternal-separation, dependency needs, and social isolation experiments on rhesus monkeys, which manifested the importance of caregiving and companionship to social and cognitive development.
The pit of despair was a name used by American comparative psychologist Harry Harlow for a device he designed, technically called a vertical chamber apparatus, that he used in experiments on rhesus macaque monkeys at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the 1970s. [2]
A 3/8 in. wire mesh floor 1 in. above the bottom of the chamber allowed waste material to drop out of holes. The chamber had a food box and a water-bottle holder, and was covered with a pyramid top so that the monkeys were unable to escape. [93] Harlow placed baby monkeys in the chamber alone for up to six weeks.
Harlow also found that the cloth mother provided not only food to the infant monkeys, but also was able to provide comfort and security for them. The interpretation made by Harlow about this was that the liking for the cloth surrogate mother showed the importance of affection, emotion, nurturing, and dependency in mother-child relationships.
Love Wire and cloth mother surrogates in Harry Harlow's The Nature of Love. Researchers have for years studied depression, alcoholism, aggression, maternal-infant bonding and other conditions and phenomena in nonhuman primates and other laboratory animals using an experimental maternal deprivation paradigm. [36]
The Wisconsin General Test Apparatus was created in the 1930s at the Harlow Center for Biological Psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. [2] The development of the device is credited to Drs. Paul Settlage and Walter Grether, and Drs.Harry Harlow and John Bromer are credited with the first publication about the device in 1938, where it gained much notoriety. [2]
Harry Harlow; P. Pit of despair; Primate experiments at Columbia University This page was last edited on 14 September 2024, at 08:12 (UTC). ...
The effects of developmental homeostasis were demonstrated in an experiment conducted in 1966 by Margaret and Harry Harlow. They wanted to test what the consequences of infant rhesus monkeys would be from being separated from their mothers and having little interaction with other monkeys.