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Artaxerxes was probably born in the reign of his grandfather Darius I, to the emperor's son and heir, Xerxes I.In 465 BC, Xerxes I was murdered by Hazarapat ("commander of thousand") Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard and the most powerful official in the Persian court, with the help of a eunuch, Aspamitres. [9]
Amestris (Greek: Άμηστρις, Amēstris, perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, Amāstris, from Old Persian Amāstrī-, "strong woman") [2] was an Achaemenid queen, wife of king Xerxes I and mother of king Artaxerxes I. [3] [4] She was poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians. [5] [6] [7]
Documents from Babylon dating in Artaxerxes' reign, refer to certain estates as "the house of the woman of the palace". This anonymous woman could be Damaspia, or the queen mother Amestris . [ 4 ] In an episode from the biblical book of Nehemiah (2:6) Artaxerxes is mentioned as being in the company of a royal wife, who could be identified with ...
Ardakhshir I (also spelled Artaxerxes I; Aramaic: rtḥštry) was a dynast of Persis in the late 3rd-century BC, ruling sometime after 220 to c. 205 BC. Name [ edit ]
The Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Midrash of Esther Rabbah, I, 3, and the Josippon identify him as Artaxerxes. Many historians and exegetes from ancient times and the middle ages also identified Ahasuerus with Artaxerxes I, including, most notably, Josephus, [11] who relates that "Artaxerxes" was the name by which he was known to the Greeks. [12]
Xerxes I (/ ˈ z ɜː r k ˌ s iː z / ZURK-seez [2] [a] c. 518 – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, [4] was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC.
Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I; Artaxerxes II of Persia (436 BC–358 BC), Artaxerxes II Mnemon, r. 404–358 BC, son and successor of Darius II; Artaxerxes III of Persia (425 BC–338 BC), Artaxerxes III Ochus, r. 358–338 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes II
He was the eldest son of the Persian king Xerxes I and his wife Amestris. His younger brothers were Hystaspes and Artaxerxes, and his younger sisters were Rhodogune and Amytis. In 478 BC, before the revolt at Bactria, Darius was married to his cousin Artaynte at Sardis. She was also the daughter of his uncle Masistes. At the behest of Xerxes ...