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The data link connector (DLC) is the multi-pin diagnostic connection port for automobiles, trucks, and motorcycles used to interface a scan tool with the control modules of a given vehicle and access on-board diagnostics and live data streams. [1] Prior to 1996, many OBD-I data link connector's were in the engine compartment, usually near the ...
OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections .
For ALDL connections, pin 9 is the data stream, pins 4 and 5 are ground, and pin 16 is the battery voltage. An OBD 1.5 compatible scan tool is required to read codes generated by OBD 1.5. Additional vehicle-specific diagnostic and control circuits are also available on this connector.
From 1996 to 2001, the 6-pin Deutsch-connector was standard. Beginning in 2001, most OEMs converted to the 9-pin Deutsch. Some OEMs still use the 6-pin Deutsch. It has mostly been used for US made vehicles, and also by Volvo. Other European brands have usually used KWP. The pinout for the 9-pin connector is:
English: OBD-II type B female connector shape and pinout (The pins inside the connector are female, while the connector itself —the plastic body— is male). Español: Aspecto y posición de los contactos en un conector OBD-II hembra (los contactos son hembra, pero el cuerpo del conector es macho).
ALDL 12 pins connector - front view. Assembly Line Diagnostic Link, Assembly Line Data Link, or ALDL is a proprietary on-board diagnostics system developed by General Motors before the standardization of OBD-2.
A controller area network (CAN) is a vehicle bus standard designed to enable efficient communication primarily between electronic control units (ECUs). Originally developed to reduce the complexity and cost of electrical wiring in automobiles through multiplexing, the CAN bus protocol has since been adopted in various other contexts.
Transport-layer services include the transmission of multi-CAN-frame messages based on the ISO 15765-2 multi-frame messaging scheme. It was developed and is used primarily by General Motors for in-vehicle communication and diagnostics. [3]