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Titanium tetrachloride is also used to make titanium dioxide, e.g., for use in white paint. [52] It is widely used in organic chemistry as a Lewis acid, for example in the Mukaiyama aldol condensation. [53] In the van Arkel–de Boer process, titanium tetraiodide (TiI 4) is generated in the production of high purity titanium metal. [54]
Titanium alloys are heat treated for a number of reasons, the main ones being to increase strength by solution treatment and aging as well as to optimize special properties, such as fracture toughness, fatigue strength and high temperature creep strength. Alpha and near-alpha alloys cannot be dramatically changed by heat treatment.
The traditional technique of titanium production is via the Kroll process which involves chlorination of TiO 2 ore in the presence of carbon and reacting the resulting TiCl 4 with magnesium to produce titanium sponge. These processes take place at temperatures as high as 1040 °C.
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy commonly exists in alpha, with hcp crystal structure, (SG : P63/mmc) and beta, with bcc crystal structure, (SG : Im-3m) phases. While mechanical properties are a function of the heat treatment condition of the alloy and can vary based upon properties, typical property ranges for well-processed Ti-6Al-4V are shown below.
They all crystallize in the hexagonal close-packed structure at room temperature, [32] and rutherfordium is expected to do the same. [33] At high temperatures, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium transform to a body-centered cubic structure. While they are better conductors of heat and electricity than their group 3 predecessors, they are still ...
Pole figures displaying crystallographic texture of gamma-TiAl in a rolled sheet of alpha2-gamma alloy, as measured by high energy X-rays. [2]Gamma TiAl has excellent mechanical properties and oxidation and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures (over 600 °C), which makes it a possible replacement for traditional Ni based superalloy components in aircraft turbine engines.
“Okay, this was mostly in, like, high school, but when I would clean my room and I had dishes in there, I would just throw them away," Sam said, causing her mother to audibly gasp at the admission.
Due to titanium's high melting point (1670 °C) and high chemical affinity with oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen (which dissolve rapidly either in liquid or solid titanium at a temperature above 400 °C [21]), solid-state processes based on powder densification are the preferred method of fabrication.