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AMD has not used K-nomenclature codenames in official AMD documents and press releases since the beginning of 2005, when K8 described the Athlon 64 processor family. AMD now refers to the codename K8 processors as the Family 0Fh processors. 10h and 0Fh refer to the main result of the CPUID x86 processor instruction.
AMD's 64-bit extension of x86 (which Intel eventually responded to with a compatible design) [12] and the scalability of x86 chips in the form of modern multi-core CPUs, is underlining x86 as an example of how continuous refinement of established industry standards can resist the competition from completely new architectures.
The AMD Lightweight Profiling (LWP) feature was introduced in AMD Bulldozer and removed in AMD Zen. On all supported CPUs, the latest available microcode updates have disabled LWP due to Spectre mitigations. [31] These instructions are available in Ring 3, but not available in Real Mode and Virtual-8086 mode. All of them use the XOP prefix.
AMD was the first to introduce the instructions that now form Intel's BMI1 as part of its ABM (Advanced Bit Manipulation) instruction set, then later added support for Intel's new BMI2 instructions. AMD today advertises the availability of these features via Intel's BMI1 and BMI2 cpuflags and instructs programmers to target them accordingly. [2]
Move from general register to x86 debug register. [k] On Pentium and later processors, moves to the DR0-DR7 debug registers are serializing. MOV reg,TRx: 0F 24 /r [j] Move from x86 test register to general register. [n] MOV TRx,reg: 0F 26 /r [j] Move from general register to x86 test register. [n] ICEBP, INT01, INT1 [o] F1: In-circuit emulation ...
The four-operand form (FMA4) allows a, b, c and d to be four different registers, while the three-operand form (FMA3) requires that d be the same register as a, b or c. The three-operand form makes the code shorter and the hardware implementation slightly simpler, while the four-operand form provides more programming flexibility.
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