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Analogue electronics (American English: analog electronics) are electronic systems with a continuously variable signal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two levels. The term analogue describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that represents the signal.
The circuit would normally be over a telephone line or similar wiring. Control function currents come from the remote control console at the dispatch office end of a circuit. In two-way radio use, an idle circuit would normally have no current present. In two-way radio use, radio manufacturers use different currents for specific functions ...
An analog front-end (AFE or analog front-end controller AFEC) is a set of analog signal conditioning circuitry that uses sensitive analog amplifiers, often operational amplifiers, filters, and sometimes application-specific integrated circuits for sensors, radio receivers, and other circuits to provide a configurable and flexible electronics ...
Electronic analog PID control loops were often found within more complex electronic systems, for example, the head positioning of a disk drive, the power conditioning of a power supply, or even the movement-detection circuit of a modern seismometer.
An electronic circuit can usually be categorized as an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a mixed-signal circuit (a combination of analog circuits and digital circuits). The most widely used semiconductor device in electronic circuits is the MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor ).
Voltage-controlled resistors are one of the most commonly used analog design blocks: adaptive analog filters, [1] automatic gain-control circuits, clock generators, [2] compressors, [3] electrometers, [4] energy harvesters, [5] expanders, [6] hearing aids, [7] light dimmers, [8] modulators (mixers), [9] artificial neural networks, [10] programmable-gain amplifiers, [11] phased arrays, [12 ...
Figure 1. Simple analog phase locked loop. A simple analog PLL is an electronic circuit consisting of a variable frequency oscillator and a phase detector in a feedback loop (Figure 1). The oscillator generates a periodic signal V o with frequency proportional to an applied voltage, hence the term voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO).
The control input to the device may be a signal that switches between the positive and negative supply voltages, with the more positive voltage switching the device on and the more negative switching the device off. Other circuits are designed to communicate through a serial port with a host controller in order to set switches on or off.
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