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Ruthenium is the first in a downward trend in the melting and boiling points and atomization enthalpy in the 4d transition metals after the maximum seen at molybdenum, because the 4d subshell is more than half full and the electrons are contributing less to metallic bonding.
This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia. ... 44 Ru ruthenium; use: 4423 K ...
Boiling point: 1,200 °C (2,190 °F; 1,470 K) sublimates Solubility in water. insoluble ... Ruthenium(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ru O 2.
44 Ru ruthenium; use (T/K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388 CRC.b (T/°C) 2315 (s) ... The temperature at standard pressure should be equal to the normal boiling point, ...
Spectral lines of ruthenium: Other properties; ... boiling point K = | boiling point C = | boiling point F = | boiling point ref = | boiling point comment ...
Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point? K (? °C), ? Pa Std enthalpy change of fusionΔ fus H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusionΔ fus S oJ/(mol·K)
Most definitions of the term 'refractory metals' list the extraordinarily high melting point as a key requirement for inclusion. By one definition, a melting point above 4,000 °F (2,200 °C) is necessary to qualify, which includes iridium, osmium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium and hafnium. [2]
Group 8 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table.It consists of iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os) and hassium (Hs). [1] " Group 8" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by the IUPAC in 1990. [1]