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Green algae have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll a and b, giving them a bright green colour, as well as the accessory pigments beta carotene (red-orange) and xanthophylls (yellow) in stacked thylakoids. [12] [13] The cell walls of green algae usually contain cellulose, and they store carbohydrate in the form of starch. [14]
The content of the cell divides into 2,4 (B), 8(C) sometimes daughter protoplasts. Each daughter protoplast rounds off to form a non-motile spore. These autospores (spores having the same distinctive shape as the parent cell) are liberated by the rupture of the parent cell wall (D). On release each autospore grows to become a new individual.
Chlorophytes are eukaryotic organisms composed of cells with a variety of coverings or walls, and usually a single green chloroplast in each cell. [4] They are structurally diverse: most groups of chlorophytes are unicellular, such as the earliest-diverging prasinophytes, but in two major classes (Chlorophyceae and Ulvophyceae) there is an evolutionary trend toward various types of complex ...
Mannans: They form microfibrils in the cell walls of a number of marine green algae including those from the genera, Codium, Dasycladus, and Acetabularia as well as in the walls of some red algae, like Porphyra and Bangia. Xylans: Alginic acid: It is a common polysaccharide in the cell walls of brown algae.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella.It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a large cup-shaped chloroplast, a large pyrenoid, and an eyespot apparatus that senses light.
Chlorella is a genus of about thirteen species of single-celled green algae of the division Chlorophyta. The cells are spherical in shape, about 2 to 10 μm in diameter, and are without flagella. Their chloroplasts contain the green photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a and -b.
The cell wall is transparent, but with age it may become dark brown due to accumulated iron and manganese compounds. [2] The cell nucleus is located in the middle of the cell. Each semicell contains a single axial chloroplast dotted with several pyrenoids. [4] At either end of the cell, there is a generally a polar vacuole.
Desmodesmus species usually produce colonies of more than one cell, but single cells (unicells) may be found as well. [5] These single cells may be confused with Lagerheimia, a genus of single-celled algae. [6] The cell wall of Desmodesmus consists of an outer layer with a net-like structure, with "rosettes" of tubes underneath. [7]