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The Act, then known as An Act for the regulation of Fishing and the protection of Fisheries was passed into law on May 22, 1868, in the 1st Canadian Parliament. [2] The Act replaced An Act to amend Chapter 62 of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada, and to provide for the better regulation of Fishing and protection of Fisheries passed by the Province of Canada. [2]
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO; French: Pêches et Océans Canada, MPO) is a department of the Government of Canada that is responsible for developing and implementing policies and programs in support of Canada's economic, ecological and scientific interests in oceans and inland waters.
Canada's fishing industry is a key contributor to the success of the Canadian economy. In 2018, Canada's fishing industry was worth $36.1 billion in fish and seafood products and employed approximately 300,000 people. [ 1 ]
With the absence of foreign fishing, many Canadian and U.S fishing trawlers took their place, and the number of cod kept diminishing past a point of recovery. [12] Many local fishers noticed the drastic decrease of cod and tried to inform local government officials. [citation needed] In a 1978 white paper, the Newfoundland government stated: [15]
The Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard (French: ministre des pêches, des océans et de la Garde côtière canadienne) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet responsible for supervising the fishing industry, administrating all navigable waterways in the country, and overseeing the operations of the Canadian Coast Guard and the Freshwater Fish Marketing ...
In 1973 Canada's east coast territorial sea and fishing zones was 70,600 sq mi (183,000 km 2). Thanks to the extension to 200 nautical miles it increased to 673,000 sq mi (1,740,000 km 2). This encompassed 96% of the total fish catch by Canadian and foreign fishing fleets in the Atlantic zone of Canada.
Starting in the 1960s, the Canadian federal government began to take action regarding mercury contamination in fish. [13]: 201–210 The "first investigation of mercurial contamination" in a First Nations community took place in the fall of 1970 on the Grassy Narrows and White Dogs reserves. The government knew that Reed Paper Group's ...
Technological advances in fishing (such as using large factory-ships and sonar), as well as geopolitical disputes over territorial sea and exclusive economic zone (EEZ) boundaries, led to overfishing and a serious decline in the fish stocks of the Grand Banks from around 1990. The Canadian Grand Banks fishery was closed in 1993. [10]