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Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a periodontal disorder diagnosed based on distinct clinical characteristics. It was originally thought that LGE was directly associated with HIV, and it was thus called HIV-associated gingivitis (HIV-G).
While there is no cure or vaccine for HIV, antiretroviral treatment can slow the course of the disease and enable people living with HIV to lead long and healthy lives. [5] [12] An HIV-positive person on treatment can expect to live a normal life, and die with the virus, not of it.
HIV-SGD is more prevalent in HIV positive children than HIV positive adults, [4] at about 19% and 1% respectively. [1] Unlike other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS such as Kaposi sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia and oral candidiasis, which decreased following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-SGD has increased.
HIV vaccine development is an active area of research and an important tool for managing the global AIDS epidemic. Research into a vaccine for HIV has been ongoing for decades with no lasting success for preventing infection. [151] The rapid development, though, of mRNA vaccines to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic may provide a new path forward.
It works by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase that HIV uses to make DNA and therefore decreases replication of the virus. [6] Zidovudine was first described in 1964. [7] It was resynthesized from a public-domain formula by Burroughs Wellcome. [8] It was approved in the United States in 1987 and was the first treatment for HIV.
Treatment includes isolation and therefore prevention of spread of the disease and supportive measures such as hot or cold packs. Mumps usually resolves itself and can be prevented by vaccination. [4] HIV parotitis: Generalized lymphadenopathy has long been associated with HIV, but the localized enlargement of the parotid gland is less well known.
Currently, no effective HIV vaccine exists. Various HIV vaccines have been tested in clinical trials almost since the discovery of HIV. Only a vaccine is thought to be able to halt the pandemic. This is because a vaccine would cost less, thus being affordable for developing countries, and would not require daily treatment. [11] However, after ...
Various approaches for HIV vaccine development. As of 2020, no effective vaccine for HIV or AIDS is known. [61] A single trial of the vaccine RV 144 found a partial efficacy rate around 30% and has stimulated optimism in the research community regarding developing a truly effective vaccine. [62] Further trials of the vaccine are ongoing. [63] [64]