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The 1833 Treaty of Chicago was an agreement between the United States government and the Chippewa, Odawa, and Potawatomi tribes. It required them to cede to the United States government their 5,000,000 acres (2,000,000 ha) of land (including reservations) in Illinois, the Wisconsin Territory, and the Michigan Territory and to move west of the Mississippi River.
In 1795, in a then minor part of the Treaty of Greenville, a Native American confederation granted treaty rights to the United States in a six-mile parcel of land at the mouth of the Chicago River. [ nb 1 ] [ 2 ] This was followed by the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis , which ceded additional land in the Chicago area, including the Chicago Portage .
The plan of assimilation that was followed assumed that mainstreaming of Native Americans would be easier in metropolitan areas and there would be more work opportunities for them there. Quotas were implemented for processing relocatees. By 1954 approximately 6200 Native Americans had been relocated to cities. [7]
The Illinois, like many Native American groups, sustained themselves through agriculture, hunting, and fishing. [12] A partially nomadic group, the Illinois often lived in longhouses and wigwams , according to the season and resources that were available to them in the surrounding land.
The enslavement of millions of Indigenous people in the Americas is a neglected chapter in U.S. history. Two projects aim to bring it to light.
Jefferson initially promoted an American policy which encouraged Native Americans to become assimilated, or "civilized". [38] He made sustained efforts to win the friendship and cooperation of many Native American tribes as president, repeatedly articulating his desire for a united nation of whites and Indians [ 39 ] as in his November 3, 1802 ...
Now, Native Americans whose ancestors' remains ended up held for study in sterile, nondescript boxes on shelves in educational facilities or displayed in cultural locales hope a new Illinois law ...
The book was published in the Annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Volume 18, Part 2. Cyrus Thomas wrote the extensive introduction explaining the legal framework and land acquisition policies of various imperial entities. [3] Royce was an employee of the Bureau of American Ethnology ...