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The Rome criteria are achieved and finally issued through a consensual process, using the Delphi method (or Delphi technique). The Rome Foundation process is an international effort to create scientific data to help in the diagnosis and treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, also known as disorders of gut-brain interaction. [22]
Functional constipation cannot be diagnosed with particular testing; instead, the Rome criteria, a consensus of experts, is used to make this diagnosis. [8] The Rome IV criteria define functional constipation as meeting at least two of the six requirements given below: [9] Over ¼ (25%) of defecations involve straining. [9]
According to Rome-IV, this is defined as "features of impaired evacuation" during repeated attempts to defecate. [31] To qualify for this diagnosis, patients must meet the Rome diagnostic criteria for functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). [31]
The consensus review process of meetings and publications organised by the Rome Foundation, known as the Rome process, has helped to define the functional gastrointestinal disorders. [3] Successively, the Rome I, Rome II, Rome III and Rome IV proposed consensual classification system and terminology, as recommended by the Rome Coordinating ...
Rome IV has widely-accepted diagnostic criteria for functional constipation (C2). For a diagnosis of functional constipation, there must be two or more of the following criteria, which must have been true for the last 3 months with symptom onset at least 6 months prior to diagnosis: [3] Straining during more than 25% of defecations
The Rome III Criteria for functional constipation must include two or more of the following and present for the past three months, with symptoms starting for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis. [15] Straining during defecation for at least 25% of bowel movements; Lumpy or hard stools in at least 25% of defecations
Where anismus causes constipation, it is an example of functional constipation. Many authors describe an "obstructed defecation syndrome", of which anismus is a cause. [24] The Rome II classification functional defecation disorders were divided into 3 types, [25] however the symptoms the patient experiences are identical. [26]
The criteria for selecting tests and investigations also depends on the level of available medical resources. [72] The Rome IV criteria for diagnosing IBS include recurrent abdominal pain, on average, at least one day/week in the last three months, associated with additional stool- or defecation-related criteria. [73]