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The first four seem to be involved in the hydroxylation of toluene to benzyl alcohol. CYP2E1 seems to be the primary enzyme in the hydroxylation of toluene, accounting for roughly 44% of toluene metabolism; [1] however, there is a great deal of ethnic variability, in the Finnish population for example the primary enzyme is CYP2B6.
Toxic encephalopathy is a neurologic disorder caused by exposure to neurotoxic organic solvents such as toluene, following exposure to heavy metals such as manganese, as a side effect of melarsoprol treatment for African trypanosomiasis, adverse effects to prescription drugs, or exposure to extreme concentrations of any natural toxin such as cyanotoxins found in shellfish or freshwater ...
Toluene is also found in cigarette smoke and car exhaust. If not in contact with air, toluene can remain unchanged in soil or water for a long time. [39] Toluene is a common solvent, e.g. for paints, paint thinners, silicone sealants, [40] many chemical reactants, rubber, printing ink, adhesives (glues), lacquers, leather tanners, and ...
Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy (CSE) is a condition induced by long-term exposure to organic solvents, often—but not always—in the workplace, that lead to a wide variety of persisting sensorimotor polyneuropathies and neurobehavioral deficits even after solvent exposure has been removed.
A documentary by Karen Davila showed the effects of inhalant abuse on a person's body. [1] The chemical toluene provides the aromatic smell of contact cement and other glue and is the culprit behind the addiction. Toluene abusers are exposed to levels above 1000 ppm (parts per million). Levels of exposure greater than 600 ppm cause confusion ...
Other alkyl nitrites were outlawed in the U.S. by Congress through the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988. The law includes an exception for commercial purposes. The term commercial purpose is defined to mean any use other than for the production of consumer products containing volatile alkyl nitrites meant for inhaling or otherwise introducing ...
Toluene, [30] [31] found in glue, paint, thinner, etc. (see also Toluene toxicity). Butane [32] Gasoline (petrol) [33] F17.5 is reserved for tobacco-induced psychosis, but is traditionally not associated with the induction of psychosis. The code F15.5 also includes caffeine-induced psychosis, despite not being specifically listed in the DSM-IV ...
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