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The Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) in South Asia began as early as 2.6 million years ago (Ma) based on the earliest known sites with hominin activity, namely the Siwalik Hills of northwestern India. [2] The Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) is defined as a transitional phase following the end of the Last Glacial Period , beginning around 10000 BCE.
In 1863, after his archaeological survey began, he discovered India's first conclusive Paleolithic stone tool (a hand axe). He found the tool in southern India ( Pallavaram , near Madras ). After the discovery, he and William King went on to discover more such tools and settlements in Southern and Western India.
The Madrasian culture is a prehistoric archaeological culture of the Indian subcontinent, dated to the Lower Paleolithic, the earliest subdivision of the Stone Age. [1] [2] It belongs to the Acheulian industry, and some scholars consider the distinction between the Madrasian and the broader, regional Acheulian tradition defunct.
Researchers from India, United Kingdom and Australia undertook a program of survey exploration and excavation. The Dhaba was first excavated in 2011–2012, where India's Middle Paleolithic culture was discovered. The archaeological site of Dhaba serves as an important bridge linking regions with similar archaeology to the east and west.
India: An Archaeological History. Palaeolithic Beginnings to Early Historic Foundations (1999) Delhi: Oxford University Press; Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain. The Lower and the Middle Ganga (2001) Delhi: Permanent Black; The archaeology of Hinduism, in Timothy Insoll (ed.) Archaeology and World Religion (2001) London & NY: Routledge
It was the first time in India, the archaeological site in India was dated. By performing a luminescence dating method called Post Infrared Stimulated Luminescence (pIR-IRSL) on about 7,200 artifacts found at Attirampakkam, researchers have made a chronology of Attirampakkam stone tool technology with a span of about 200,000 years. [ 9 ]
S.R. Rao, Marine Archaeology in India, Delhi: Publications Division, ISBN 81-230-0785-X (2001) Trautmann, Thomas R.; Sinopoli, Carla M. (2002). "In the Beginning was the Word: Excavating the Relations between History and Archaeology in South Asia". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. Vol. 45, no. 4. pp. 492–523.
This is also the oldest human habitation discovered in Haryana and Delhi NCR. Findings push back the history of the pushing it back the anthropogenic (human) history of Haryana and NCR by several thousand years. [5] It is the forest area where cave paintings and tools from the paleolithic period were discovered.