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2. Work (thermodynamics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(thermodynamics)

   Thermodynamic work is one of the principal kinds of process by which a thermodynamic system can interact with and transfer energy to its surroundings. This results in externally measurable macroscopic forces on the system's surroundings, which can cause mechanical work, to lift a weight, for example, [1] or cause changes in electromagnetic, [2] [3] [4] or gravitational [5] variables.

3. Work function - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_function

   The work function depends on the configurations of atoms at the surface of the material. For example, on polycrystalline silver the work function is 4.26 eV, but on silver crystals it varies for different crystal faces as (100) face: 4.64 eV, (110) face: 4.52 eV, (111) face: 4.74 eV. [13] Ranges for typical surfaces are shown in the table below ...

4. List of reagents - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reagents

   is an alkaline solution of potassium permanganate; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds; N-Bromosuccinimide: used in radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry. Also acts as a mild oxidizer to oxidize benzylic or allylic alcohols.

5. Gibbs free energy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs_free_energy

   Other work terms are added on per system requirements. [11] Each quantity in the equations above can be divided by the amount of substance, measured in moles, to form molar Gibbs free energy. The Gibbs free energy is one of the most important thermodynamic functions for the characterization of a system.

6. Gibbs–Helmholtz equation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs–Helmholtz_equation

   which relates the Gibbs energy to a chemical equilibrium constant, the van 't Hoff equation can be derived. [ 9 ] Since the change in a system's Gibbs energy is equal to the maximum amount of non-expansion work that the system can do in a process, the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation may be used to estimate how much non-expansion work can be done by a ...

7. Principle of maximum work - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_maximum_work

   In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy or Helmholtz free energy is essentially the energy of a chemical reaction "free" or available to do external work. Historically, the "free energy" is a more advanced and accurate replacement for the thermochemistry term “affinity” used by chemists of olden days to describe the “force” that caused chemical reactions.

8. Angelina Jolie Gets Asked 'the Most Insane Question.' Here's ...

   www.aol.com/angelina-jolie-gets-asked-most...

   Angelina Jolie laughed when a reporter asked her what a biopic of her life might look like and said in part, "Let’s hope there isn’t one about my life"

9. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

   Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...