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  2. Superheavy element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superheavy_element

    Superheavy elements, also known as transactinide elements, transactinides, or super-heavy elements, or superheavies for short, are the chemical elements with atomic number greater than 104. [1] The superheavy elements are those beyond the actinides in the periodic table; the last actinide is lawrencium (atomic number 103).

  3. Atomic number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_number

    The quest for new elements is usually described using atomic numbers. As of 2024, all elements with atomic numbers 1 to 118 have been observed. Synthesis of new elements is accomplished by bombarding target atoms of heavy elements with ions, such that the sum of the atomic numbers of the target and ion elements equals the atomic number of the ...

  4. r-process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-process

    The r-process can typically synthesize the heaviest four isotopes of every heavy element; of these, the heavier two are called r-only nuclei because they are created exclusively via the r-process. Abundance peaks for the r -process occur near mass numbers A = 82 (elements Se, Br, and Kr), A = 130 (elements Te, I, and Xe) and A = 196 (elements ...

  5. Alpha process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_process

    Creation of elements beyond carbon through alpha process. The alpha process, also known as alpha capture or the alpha ladder, is one of two classes of nuclear fusion reactions by which stars convert helium into heavier elements. The other class is a cycle of reactions called the triple-alpha process, which consumes only helium, and produces ...

  6. Higgs boson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson

    The easiest way to produce a Higgs particle is if the two gluons combine to form a loop of virtual quarks. Since the coupling of particles to the Higgs boson is proportional to their mass, this process is more likely for heavy particles.

  7. Magic number (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(physics)

    Two years later, in 1950, a new publication followed in which she attributed the shell closures at the magic numbers to spin-orbit coupling. [10] According to Steven Moszkowski, a student of Goeppert Mayer, the term "magic number" was coined by Wigner: "Wigner too believed in the liquid drop model , but he recognized, from the work of Maria ...

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  9. Victor Ninov - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Ninov

    Victor Ninov (Bulgarian: Виктор Нинов; born June 24, 1959) is a Bulgarian physicist and former researcher who worked primarily in creating superheavy elements. He is known for the co-discoveries of elements 110, 111, and 112 ( darmstadtium , roentgenium and copernicium , respectively).