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A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog. The grimace scale (GS), sometimes called the grimace score, is a method of assessing the occurrence or severity of pain experienced by non-human animals according to objective and blinded scoring of facial expressions, as is done routinely for the measurement of pain in non-verbal humans.
No particular expression or smile Occasional grimace or frown, withdrawn, uninterested Frequent to constant quivering chin, clenched jaw Legs Normal position or relaxed Uneasy, restless, tense Kicking, or legs drawn up Activity Lying quietly, normal position, moves easily Squirming, shifting, back and forth, tense Arched, rigid or jerking Cry
It is distinct from a similar but usually involuntary expression of anxiety known as a grimace. Although cross-cultural studies have shown that smiling is a means of communication throughout the world, [ 1 ] there are large differences among different cultures, religions, and societies, with some using smiles to convey confusion, embarrassment ...
The new study, published today in PLOS One, could help doctors who perform facial reanimation surgery and rehabilitation—understanding the characteristics of a great smile will help to make sure ...
Grimace may refer to: A type of facial expression usually of disgust, disapproval, or pain; Grimace (composer), a French composer active in the mid-to-late 14th century; Grimace (character), a McDonaldland marketing character developed to promote the restaurant's milkshakes; Grimace scale, a method of assessing the occurrence or severity of pain
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The development of FACS tools for different species allows the objective and anatomical study of facial expressions in communicative and emotional contexts. Furthermore, a cross-species analysis of facial expressions can help to answer interesting questions, such as which emotions are uniquely human. [21]