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Distance moduli are most commonly used when expressing the distance to other galaxies in the relatively nearby universe.For example, the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is at a distance modulus of 18.5, [2] the Andromeda Galaxy's distance modulus is 24.4, [3] and the galaxy NGC 4548 in the Virgo Cluster has a DM of 31.0. [4]
The Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal (formerly known as the Fornax System) is a dwarf elliptical galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered in 1938 by Harlow Shapley.He discovered it while he was in South Africa on photographic plates taken by the 24 inch (61 cm) Bruce refractor at Boyden Observatory, shortly after he discovered the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy.
Its distance modulus has been estimated using the globular cluster luminosity function to be 31.01 ± 0.21 which is about 52 Mly. [33] It is the brightest dwarf irregular member of the Fornax cluster and is in the foreground of the cluster's central galaxy NGC 1399. [33] NGC 1460 is a barred lenticular galaxy in the constellation Eridanus.
Assuming an absolute magnitude of +0.5 V for RR Lyrae the apparent modulus of the Draco Dwarf is 19.58 m−M. [7] Using a reddening value towards Draco Dwarf of 0.03 ± 0.01 [5] we get a true distance modulus of 19.55. ^ Using the distance modulus formula of 1 × 10 (0.2 * 19.55 + 1) we get an RR Lyrae estimated distance of 81 kpc.
The observed group is then shifted in the vertical direction, until the two main sequences overlap. The difference in magnitude that was bridged in order to match the two groups is called the distance modulus and is a direct measure for the distance (ignoring extinction).
This cluster has a reddening corrected distance modulus of 18.43 ± 0.15, [5] corresponding to a distance of 48.5 kpc. [2] The cluster has a mass of about 140,000 times the mass of the Sun. [4] It is an old cluster, having an estimated age of 13.1 billion years. [5] In photographs, the cluster spans an apparent size of 3.50 arc minutes. [1]
In standard cosmology, comoving distance and proper distance (or physical distance) are two closely related distance measures used by cosmologists to define distances between objects. Comoving distance factors out the expansion of the universe , giving a distance that does not change in time except due to local factors, such as the motion of a ...
Based on the distance modulus of 8.38, it is about 470 parsecs (1,500 ly) away. [2] For stars ranging from 0.12 to 1 solar mass ( M ☉ ), the cluster has about 400. [ 5 ] It spans about 35 ′ on the sky which translates to a true radius of 7.5 light years at such distance. [ 6 ]