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The Black Star Line became a key part of Garvey's contribution to the Back-to-Africa movement, but it was mostly unsuccessful, partly due to infiltration by FBI agents. [3] It was only one among many businesses which the UNIA originated, such as the Universal Printing House, Negro Factories Corporation , and the widely distributed and highly ...
Marcus Garvey, known as the "black Moses", was a "back to Africa" evangelist, [1] and his ideas, although radical and controversial in his own time and today, still remain influential. [2] The Black Star Line's name, a play on the White Star Line , [ 3 ] is remembered in the flag of Ghana .
In the 20th century, the Jamaican political activist and black nationalist Marcus Garvey, members of the Rastafari movement, and other African Americans supported the concept, but few actually left the United States. In the late 18th century, thousands of Black Loyalists joined British military forces during the American Revolutionary War. [2]
Official Blog of the UNIA: Millions For Marcus Garvey on Facebook; The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers Project; Marcus Garvey: The Official Site; Gale Group guide to UNIA; American Series Sample Documents Archived 2015-06-03 at the Wayback Machine—Volume I: 1826 – August 1919; 1918 UNIA Constitution
Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr. ONH (17 August 1887 - 10 June 1940) was a Jamaican political activist. He was the founder and first President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL, commonly known as UNIA), through which he declared himself Provisional President of Africa.
Garvey supported the Back-to-Africa movement, which had been influenced by Edward Wilmot Blyden, who migrated to Liberia in 1850. [42] However, Garvey did not believe that all African Americans should migrate to Africa.
Garvey announced the creation of the Black Star Line on June 23, 1919 to correlate with the back-to-Africa movement as a shipping company which would link Black communities in the U.S., Jamaica, Canada, Central America, and Africa. It was intended to transport Black labored goods, including raw materials and manufactured items, to Black ...
Garvey was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a proponent of the Pan-Africanism movement, to which end he founded the UNIA-ACL. [2] He also founded the Black Star Line, a shipping and passenger line which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands.