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The most commonly used are USB (in PCs) and UART (in mobile phones and PDAs). In Bluetooth devices with simple functionality (e.g., headsets), the host stack and controller can be implemented on the same microprocessor. In this case the HCI is optional, although often implemented as an internal software interface.
Bluetooth HID is a lightweight wrapper of the human interface device protocol defined for USB. The use of the HID protocol simplifies host implementation (when supported by host operating systems) by re-use of some of the existing support for USB HID in order to support also Bluetooth HID. Keyboard and keypads must be secure.
USB communications device class (or USB CDC) is a composite Universal Serial Bus device class. The communications device class is used for computer networking devices akin to a network card , providing an interface for transmitting Ethernet or ATM frames onto some physical media.
A wireless network interface device with a USB interface and internal antenna A Bluetooth interface card. A wireless network interface controller (WNIC) is a network interface controller which connects to a wireless network, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or LTE (4G) or 5G rather than a wired network, such as an Ethernet network.
A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.
In computing, a class driver is a type of hardware device driver that can operate a large number of different devices of a broadly similar type. Class drivers are very often used with USB based devices, which share the essential USB protocol in common, and devices with similar functionality can easily adopt common protocols.
A host adapter, host controller or host bus adapter (HBA) is a circuit board or device which allows peripheral devices (usually internal) to interface with a computer. [6] [3] Host bus adapters are used to connect hard drives, networks, and USB peripherals.
W-USB interacts with wired USB via wire adapters. W-USB can form true USB systems, formed by a host, devices and interconnection support. It implements the USB hub–spoke model, in which up to 127 wireless devices can form point-to-point links (spokes) with the host (the hub). The host controller is unique in the system and is usually embedded ...