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The siege of Masada was one of the final events in the First Jewish–Roman War, occurring from 72 to 73 CE on and around a hilltop in present-day Israel. The siege is known to history via a single source, Flavius Josephus , [ 3 ] a Jewish rebel leader captured by the Romans , in whose service he became a historian.
The Roman legion surrounded Masada, building a circumvallation wall and then a siege ramp against the western face of the plateau. [11] According to Dan Gill, [ 19 ] geological investigations in the early 1990s confirmed earlier observations that the 114 m (375 ft) high assault ramp consisted mostly of a natural spur of bedrock.
Masada Remains of Roman camp F near Masada. Lucius Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus was a late-1st-century Roman general, governor of the province of Iudaea and consul. [1] Silva was the commander of the army, composed mainly of the Legio X Fretensis, in 72 AD that laid siege to the near-impregnable mountain fortress of Masada, occupied by a group of Jewish rebels dubbed the Sicarii by Flavius himself.
Under Roman law, any defenders who failed to surrender before the first ram touched their wall were denied any rights. [11] The moment they heard the ram hit the wall, those inside the city knew that the siege proper had begun and there was no turning back. [12] The remains of the Roman siege-ramp at Masada
Assyrian attack on a town with archers and a wheeled battering ram; Neo-Assyrian relief, North-West Palace of Nimrud (room B, panel 18); 865–860 BC The remains of the Roman siege-ramp at Masada. Siege towers were used by the armies of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the 9th century BC, under Ashurnasirpal II (r. 884 BC – 859 BC).
The siege of Masada is said to have lasted for a long time, in the course of which all possible techniques were adopted to achieve final victory, starting with the construction of eight forts around the Judaean fortress (six small and two large ones), [54] connected by a 3,6 km contravallation, [55] as well as a gigantic ramp (200 cubits high ...
The massive earthen ramp at Masada, designed by the Roman army to breach the fortress' walls. The military engineering of Ancient Rome's armed forces was of a scale and frequency far beyond that of any of its contemporaries.
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