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The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
Bacteria (Cohn 1872 b) [27] Schizomycetaceae (DeToni and Trevisan 1889) [28] Furthermore, the families into which the class was subdivided changed from author to author and for some, such as Zipf, the names were in German and not in Latin. [29] The first edition of the Bacteriological Code in 1947 sorted out several problems. [30] [example needed]
In this scheme they introduced two superkingdoms of Prokaryota and Eukaryota and seven kingdoms. Prokaryota have two kingdoms: Bacteria and Archaea. (This was based on the consensus in the Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea, and the Catalogue of Life). The Eukaryota have five kingdoms: Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.
The three-domain system adds a level of classification (the domains) "above" the kingdoms present in the previously used five- or six-kingdom systems.This classification system recognizes the fundamental divide between the two prokaryotic groups, insofar as Archaea appear to be more closely related to eukaryotes than they are to other prokaryotes – bacteria-like organisms with no cell nucleus.
Bacteria (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə / ⓘ; sg.: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
The diagram on the right illustrates that rhizosphere microorganisms like plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and fungi from the genus Trichoderma spp. can establish beneficial interactions with plants, promoting plant growth and development, increasing the plant defense system against pathogens ...
A speculatively rooted tree for RNA genes, showing major branches Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota The three-domain tree and the eocyte hypothesis (two-domain tree), 2008. [7] Phylogenetic tree showing the relationship between the eukaryotes and other forms of life, 2006. [8] Eukaryotes are colored red, archaea green, and bacteria blue.
Fruiting gliding bacteria Hydrobacteria "Deferrisomatota" Desulfobacterota C Hydrobacteria "Deferrimicrobiota" Begmatov et al. 2022 Desulfobacterota E "Tharpellota" Hydrobacteria "Moduliflexota" corrig. Sekiguchi et al. 2015 KSB3 Hydrobacteria "Methylomirabilota" Viljakainen & Hug 2021ex Chuvochina et al. 2023 NC10 "Rokubacteria" (CSP1-6 ...