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Actinopterygii (/ ˌ æ k t ɪ n ɒ p t ə ˈ r ɪ dʒ i aɪ /; from actino- 'having rays' and Ancient Greek πτέρυξ (ptérux) 'wing, fins'), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish [2] that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. [3]
Fossil of Chondrosteus acipenseroides from Lyme Regis Strongylosteus hindenburgi fossil from Posidonia Shale, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart. Chondrosteidae / ˌ k ɒ n d r oʊ s t i ˈ aɪ d iː / is a family of extinct marine actinopterygian fishes, known from the Early Jurassic of Europe.
Actinopterygii, members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class or subclass of the bony fishes. The ray-finned fishes are so called because they possess lepidotrichia or "fin rays", their fins being webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines ("rays"), as opposed to the fleshy, lobed fins that characterize the class Sarcopterygii ...
Caudal skeleton showing symmetrical tail. The pharyngeal jaws of teleosts, a second set of jaws contained within the throat, are composed of five branchial arches, loops of bone which support the gills. The first three arches include a single basibranchial surrounded by two hypobranchials, ceratobranchials, epibranchials and pharyngobranchials.
Actinopterygii Sarcopterygii Euteleostomi ( Eu- teleostomi [ a ] , where Eu- comes from Greek εὖ 'well, good' [ b ] or Euteleostomes , also known as "bony vertebrates " [ c ] ) is a successful clade that includes more than 90% of the living species of vertebrates.
Chondrichthyes (/ k ɒ n ˈ d r ɪ k θ i iː z /; from Ancient Greek χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage.
Chondrosteus is a genus of extinct marine actinopterygian (ray-finned fish) belonging to the family Chondrosteidae.It lived during the Hettangian and Sinemurian (early Early Jurassic) in what is now England. [1]
A 419-million-year-old fossil of a placoderm named Entelognathus had a bony skeleton and anatomical details associated with cartilaginous and bony fish, demonstrating that the absence of a bony skeleton in Chondrichthyes is a derived trait. [12]