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From the time of Peter the Great, forms of address in the Russian Empire had been well-codified, determined by a person’s title of honor, as well as military or civil rank (see Table of Ranks) and ecclesiastical order.
Unlike English, in which the use of diminutive forms is optional even between close friends, in East Slavonic languages, such forms are obligatory in certain contexts because of the strong T–V distinction: the T-form of address usually requires the short form of the counterpart's name. Also, unlike other languages with prominent use of name ...
[238] [note 33] Paul was the first tsar "for many generations" to legislate in favor of serfs, and this became a blueprint for his successors; after his reign, "whereas all rulers before Paul aided in intensifying the bondage of the serfs, each one thereafter made serious efforts" to help them. [240]
On 8 January 1801, Tsar Paul I signed a decree on the incorporation of Georgia (Kartli-Kakheti) within the Russian Empire, [37] [38] which was confirmed by Tsar Alexander I on 12 September 1801. [ 39 ] [ 40 ] The Georgian envoy in Saint Petersburg, Garsevan Chavchavadze , reacted with a note of protest that was presented to the Russian vice ...
The expedition was primarily planned by British and Russian politicians and diplomats. Russia would provide troops that Britain would subsidise, and together they sought to encourage Austria to do most of the fighting (as it had about three-fourths of the would-be Second Coalition's land forces [6]), pay for its own troops as well as supply the entire allied army, while maintaining Anglo ...
Paul I abolished Peter the Great's law that allowed each reigning emperor or empress to designate his or her successor and substituted a strict order of succession by proclaiming that the eldest son of the monarch would inherit the throne, followed by other dynasts according to primogeniture in the male line. [1] Paul thus implemented a semi ...
Pope Paul I (700–767) Paul I Šubić of Bribir (c. 1245–1312), Ban of Croatia and Lord of Bosnia; Paul I, Serbian Patriarch, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (c. 1530–1541) Paul I of Russia (1754–1801), Emperor of Russia; Paul Peter Massad (1806–1890), Maronite Patriarch of Antioch; Paul of Greece (1901–1964), King of Greece
[1] [3] The decline of France's guarantor power began with its invasion of the Spanish Netherlands, legally a part of the Empire, in 1667. [4] A turning point was the invasion of the Dutch Republic in 1672. Louis XIV declared that, since the Republic lay outside the Empire, any assistance given to such an enemy of France by the Empire or its ...