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Hydra (/ ˈ h aɪ d r ə / HY-drə) is a genus of small freshwater hydrozoans of the phylum Cnidaria.They are native to the temperate and tropical regions. [2] [3] The genus was named by Linnaeus in 1758 after the Hydra, which was the many-headed beast of myth defeated by Heracles, as when the animal has a part severed, it will regenerate much like the mythical hydra's heads.
Hydra viridissima is a species of cnidarian which is commonly found in still or slow-moving freshwater [2] in the Northern temperate zone. Hydra viridissima is commonly called green hydra due to its coloration, which is due to the symbiotic green algae Chlorella vulgaris which live within its body. [ 3 ]
Mitochondria are essentially universal in the eukaryotes, and with their own DNA somewhat resemble prokaryotic cells. Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is commonly called "the powerhouse of the cell", [ 30 ] for its function providing energy by oxidising sugars or fats to produce the energy-storing molecule ATP .
Eukaryotes (such as protists and unicellular fungi) may reproduce in a functionally similar manner by mitosis; most of these are also capable of sexual reproduction. Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists, e.g. sporozoans and algae. The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times by mitosis, producing several nuclei.
As an example, we will discuss the interaction between a host, Hydra vulgaris, and the main colonizer of its epithelial cell surfaces, Curvibacter spp. Those bacteria produce 3-oxo-HSL quorum sensing molecules. [17] However, the oxidoreductase activity of the polyp Hydra is able to modify the 3-oxo-HSL into their 3-hydroxy-HSL counterparts. [17]
In 1937 Édouard Chatton introduced the terms "prokaryote" and "eukaryote" to differentiate these organisms. [9] In 1938, Herbert F. Copeland proposed a four-kingdom classification by creating the novel Kingdom Monera of prokaryotic organisms; as a revised phylum Monera of the Protista, it included organisms now classified as Bacteria and Archaea.
The Hydra, a fictional deity created by Henry Kuttner. Mother Hydra, the co-ruler of the Deep One race in the Cthulhu Mythos; The Hydra, a fictional fighter jet in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas and Grand Theft Auto Online; The Hydra, a fictional machine in Kirby Air Ride; Hydra, a boss enemy in the video game Prototype 2
Protists are distributed across all major groups of eukaryotes, including those that contain multicellular algae, green plants, animals, and fungi. If photosynthetic and fungal protists are distinguished from protozoa, they appear as shown in the phylogenetic tree of eukaryotic groups.