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  2. Shia clergy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shia_clergy

    The title of Ayatollah (and other Iranian Shi'i titles) has been "cheapened" in recent decades. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] According to Michael M. J. Fischer , the Iranian revolution led to "rapid inflation of religious titles", and almost every senior cleric was called an Ayatollah. [ 14 ]

  3. Mullah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mullah

    Mullah (/ ˈ m ʌ l ə, ˈ m ʊ l ə, ˈ m uː l ə /) is an honorific title for Muslim clergy and mosque leaders. [1] The term is widely used in Iran and Afghanistan and is also used for a person who has higher education in Islamic theology and sharia law .

  4. Ayatollah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah

    Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi (1859–1937) who founded Qom Seminary, may be the first to bear the title according to Algar. [1] While the title Ayatollah was sporadically used during the 1930s, [1] it became widespread in the 1940s. [2]

  5. Big Four (Najaf) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_(Najaf)

    All orthodox Twelver Shia Muslims follow the Islamic rulings of a Grand Ayatollah. Under Saddam Hussein, the clerics were oppressed. At present, the most prominent among them is Ali al-Sistani; who also serves as the head of the Najaf Seminary. [4]

  6. 1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_Kurdish_rebellion_in_Iran

    After failed rebellions in 1946 and 1967, Kurdish political organizations continued to push for revolution against the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, a move that brought Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini to power in February 1979. Tensions remained between the Kurdish people and the government, even with the new leader installed.

  7. Assessing Claims That Trump Freed the Leader of Afghanistan ...

    www.aol.com/news/assessing-claims-trump-freed...

    The posts include photos of Trump and Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar, the Taliban’s political leader who also serves as deputy prime minister in Afghanistan. These claims are mostly true, but lack ...

  8. List of fatwas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fatwas

    It refers to the fatwa against the acquisition, development and use of nuclear weapons by Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. [12] While the fatwa originally dates back to the mid-1990s, [ 13 ] the first public issue of it is reported to be that of October 2003, which was followed by an official statement at a meeting of the International Atomic Energy ...

  9. Molla Ahmad Naraqi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molla_Ahmad_Naraqi

    Molla Ahmad Naraqi (1185-1245 A.H./1771-1829 C.E.) also known as known as “Fauzel Narauqee”, [1] was a Shi'i cleric ("mullah"), who has been called "the first Shi‘i jurisprudent to argue for wilayat al-faqıh al-siyasıyah, [2] or "the divine mandate of the jurisprudent to rule" during the occultation of the Imam.