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A craniopharyngioma is a rare type of brain tumor derived from pituitary gland embryonic tissue [1] that occurs most commonly in children, but also affects adults. It may present at any age, even in the prenatal and neonatal periods, but peak incidence rates are childhood-onset at 5–14 years and adult-onset at 50–74 years. [2]
Pickardt's syndrome may cause difficulties in differential diagnosis of pituitary adenomas, as both suprasellar hormone-inactive adenomas and prolactinomas may be associated with increased prolactin levels, central hypogonadism and central hypothyroidism. Usually, the prolactin levels are higher in case of a true prolactinoma, but the ...
Since pharmacological therapy has had little effect on these tumors, a trans-sphenoidal surgery to remove part of the pituitary gland is the first treatment option. [5] TSH-secreting: Another rare condition only resulting in 1% of pituitary surgeries is a result of the increase in the secretion of the thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Many pituitary tumors (25%) are found to have areas of hemorrhagic infarction on MRI scans, but apoplexy is not said to exist unless it is accompanied by symptoms. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] In some instances, lumbar puncture may be required if there is a suspicion that the symptoms might be caused by other problems ( meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage ).
Autoimmune hypophysitis (or lymphocytic hypophysitis), inflammation of the pituitary gland due to autoimmunity. Nelson's syndrome, may occur after surgical removal of both adrenal glands, an out-dated method of treating Cushing's disease. Pituitary tumour, a tumor of the pituitary gland. Pituitary adenoma, a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary ...
Other hormone-secreting cells of the pituitary undergo rapid growth in pregnant women as well, which contribute to the gland's enlargement. [10] The anterior pituitary is supplied by a low pressure portal venous system. [15] The anterior pituitary is more commonly affected in Sheehan's syndrome because of the structure of the portal venous system.
A 29-year-old man’s debilitating night terrors were the first sign of rare autoimmune disorder that rapidly progressed, landing him in the intensive care unit in a “catatonic state.” Ben ...
Nelson's syndrome is a disorder that occurs in about one in four patients who have had both adrenal glands removed to treat Cushing's disease. [1] In patients with pre-existing adrenocorticotropic hormone ()-secreting pituitary adenomas, loss of adrenal feedback following bilateral adrenalectomy can trigger the rapid growth of the tumor, leading to visual symptoms (e.g. bitemporal hemianopsia ...