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De Morgan's laws represented with Venn diagrams.In each case, the resultant set is the set of all points in any shade of blue. In propositional logic and Boolean algebra, De Morgan's laws, [1] [2] [3] also known as De Morgan's theorem, [4] are a pair of transformation rules that are both valid rules of inference.
The principle of inclusion–exclusion, combined with De Morgan's law, can be used to count the cardinality of the intersection of sets as well. Let A k ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {A_{k}}}} represent the complement of A k with respect to some universal set A such that A k ⊆ A {\displaystyle A_{k}\subseteq A} for each k .
De Morgan algebras are important for the study of the mathematical aspects of fuzzy logic. The standard fuzzy algebra F = ([0, 1], max(x, y), min(x, y), 0, 1, 1 − x) is an example of a De Morgan algebra where the laws of excluded middle and noncontradiction do not hold.
Augustus De Morgan (27 June 1806 – 18 March 1871) was a British mathematician and logician.He is best known for De Morgan's laws, relating logical conjunction, disjunction, and negation, and for coining the term "mathematical induction", the underlying principles of which he formalized. [1]
In proof by exhaustion, the conclusion is established by dividing it into a finite number of cases and proving each one separately. The number of cases sometimes can become very large. For example, the first proof of the four color theorem was a proof by exhaustion with 1,936 cases. This proof was controversial because the majority of the cases ...
6 Proof by False Table. 3 comments. 7 Renaming the article. 2 comments. 8 Constructivism. 3 comments. 9 Requested move. 4 comments. 10 This article may need to be ...
De Morgan or de Morgan is a surname, and may refer to: Augustus De Morgan (1806–1871), British mathematician and logician. De Morgan's laws (or De Morgan's theorem), a set of rules from propositional logic. The De Morgan Medal, a triennial mathematics prize awarded by the London Mathematical Society.
Absorption is a valid argument form and rule of inference of propositional logic. [1] [2] The rule states that if implies , then implies and .The rule makes it possible to introduce conjunctions to proofs.