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The narrative of Esau selling his birthright to Jacob, in Genesis 25, [27] states that Esau despised his birthright. However, it also alludes to Jacob being deceitful. In Esau's mother and father's eyes, the deception may have been deserved. Rebecca later abets Jacob in receiving his father's blessing disguised as Esau.
Jacob offering a bowl of stew to Esau for his birthright, 18th-century painting by Zacarias Gonzalez Velazquez. Genesis 25:29–34 tells the account of Esau selling his birthright to Jacob. [18] This passage tells that Esau, returning famished from the fields, begged Jacob to give him some of the stew that Jacob had just made.
Jacob offers Esau a bowl of lentil stew (Hebrew: נְזִיד עֲדָשִׁ֔ים, romanized: nəziḏ ʿəḏāšim) in exchange for Esau's birthright (Hebrew: בְּכֹרָה, romanized: bəḵorā), the right to be recognized as firstborn son with authority over the family, and Esau agrees. Thus Jacob acquires Esau's birthright.
The phrase alludes to Esau's sale of his birthright for a meal ("mess") of lentil stew ("pottage") in Genesis 25:29–34 and connotes shortsightedness and misplaced priorities. The mess of pottage motif is a common theme in art, appearing for example in Mattia Bortoloni's Esau selling his birthright (1716) and Mattias Stomer's painting of the ...
A Midrash also taught that these lentils had aspects of both mourning and rejoicing—mourning because Abraham died, and rejoicing because Jacob secured the birthright. [99] Esau sells his birthright, by Gioacchino Assereto, circa 1645. Rabbi Joḥanan taught that Esau committed five sins on the day recounted in Genesis 25:29–34.
Esau was a couple of seconds older as he had come out of the womb first, and was going to become the heir; however, through carelessness, he sold his birthright to Jacob for a bowl of stew. His mother, Rebekah, ensures Jacob rightly gains his father's blessing as the firstborn son and inheritor.
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The earliest account of primogeniture to be widely known in modern times involved Isaac's son Jacob being born second (Genesis 25:26) and Isaac's son, Esau being born first (Genesis 25:25) and entitled to the birthright, but eventually selling it to Jacob for a small amount of food (Genesis 25:31–34).