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Band-bending diagram for p–n diode in forward bias. Diffusion drives carriers across the junction. Quasi-Fermi levels and carrier densities in forward biased p–n-diode. The figure assumes recombination is confined to the regions where majority carrier concentration is near the bulk values, which is not accurate when recombination-generation ...
Usually, the reverse blocking voltage rating and forward blocking voltage rating are the same. The typical application for a reverse blocking SCR is in current-source inverters. An SCR incapable of blocking reverse voltage is known as an asymmetrical SCR, abbreviated ASCR. It typically has a reverse breakdown rating in the tens of volts.
The effect of reverse saturation current on the I-V curve of a crystalline silicon solar cell are shown in the figure to the right. Physically, reverse saturation current is a measure of the "leakage" of carriers across the p–n junction in reverse bias.
A silicon p–n junction in reverse bias. Connecting the p-type region to the negative terminal of the voltage supply and the n-type region to the positive terminal corresponds to reverse bias. If a diode is reverse-biased, the voltage at the cathode is comparatively higher than at the anode. Therefore, very little current flows until the diode ...
is the common base forward short-circuit current gain (0.98 to 0.998) is the reverse saturation current of the base–emitter diode (on the order of 10 −15 to 10 −12 amperes) is the base–emitter voltage
Reverse current is shown. Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. When connected in parallel with a variable voltage source so that it is reverse biased, a Zener diode conducts when the voltage reaches the diode's reverse breakdown voltage.
The magnitude of such a reverse current is determined by the operating circuit (i.e., the series resistance) and the diode is said to be in the storage-phase. [34] In certain real-world cases it is important to consider the losses that are incurred by this non-ideal diode effect. [ 35 ]
These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards or backwards. [1] The name is derived from its common schematic diagram representation, with four switching elements configured as the branches of a letter "H" and the load connected as the cross-bar.