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Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.
Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services. [ 1] The term biotechnology was first used by Károly Ereky in 1919 [ 2] to refer to the production of products from raw materials ...
History of biotechnology. Brewing was an early example of biotechnology. Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services. [ 1 ] From its inception, biotechnology has maintained a close relationship with society.
Rosalind Elsie Franklin (25 July 1920 – 16 April 1958) [ 1] was a British chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), viruses, coal, and graphite. [ 2] Although her works on coal and viruses were appreciated in her lifetime ...
1838 – Protein discovered, named and recorded by Gerardus Johannes Mulder and Jöns Jacob Berzelius. 1862 – Louis Pasteur discovers the bacterial origin of fermentation. 1863 – Gregor Mendel discovers the laws of inheritance. 1864 – Antonin Prandtl [ wikidata] invents first centrifuge to separate cream from milk.
Tissue culture. Flasks containing tissue culture growth medium which provides nourishment for the growing of cells. Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the parent organism. This technique is also called micropropagation. This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid ...
Biorobotics. Biorobotics is an interdisciplinary science that combines the fields of biomedical engineering, cybernetics, and robotics to develop new technologies that integrate biology with mechanical systems to develop more efficient communication, alter genetic information, and create machines that imitate biological systems. [ 1]
This category may require frequent maintenance to avoid becoming too large. It should directly contain very few, if any, pages and should mainly contain subcategories. Biotechnology — a technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, medicine, and genetic engineering.