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  2. Backwashing (water treatment) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backwashing_(water_treatment)

    Backwashing is a form of preventive maintenance so that the filter media can be reused. In water treatment plants, backwashing can be an automated process that is run by local programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The backwash cycle is triggered after a set time interval, when the filter effluent turbidity is greater than a treatment guideline ...

  3. Sand filter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_filter

    Sand filter. Sand filter used for water treatment. Sand filters are used as a step in the water treatment process of water purification . There are three main types; rapid (gravity) sand filters, upward flow sand filters and slow sand filters. All three methods are used extensively in the water industry throughout the world.

  4. Rapid sand filter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_sand_filter

    Rapid sand filter. The rapid sand filter or rapid gravity filter is a type of filter used in water purification and is commonly used in municipal drinking water facilities as part of a multiple-stage treatment system. [1] These systems are complex and expensive to operate and maintain, and therefore less suitable for small communities and ...

  5. Pile Cloth Media Filtration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pile_Cloth_Media_Filtration

    During vacuum filter cleaning, filtration is not interrupted. Compared to sand filters or microstrainers, no additional backwash water is required for filter cleaning. A backwash water storage tank is therefore not required. Pile Cloth Media Filters can be used in free-flow systems and closed pressure systems.

  6. Cross-flow filtration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-flow_filtration

    In chemical engineering, biochemical engineering and protein purification, cross-flow filtration [1] (also known as tangential flow filtration [2]) is a type of filtration (a particular unit operation ). Cross-flow filtration is different from dead-end filtration in which the feed is passed through a membrane or bed, the solids being trapped in ...

  7. Media filter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_filter

    A media filter is a type of filter that uses a bed of sand, peat, shredded tires, foam, crushed glass, geo-textile fabric, anthracite, crushed granite or other material to filter water for drinking, swimming pools, aquaculture, irrigation, stormwater management, oil and gas operations, and other applications. Each layer of media is designed to ...

  8. Filtration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filtration

    Filter media can be cleaned by rinsing with solvents or detergents or backwashing. Alternatively, in engineering applications, such as swimming pool water treatment plants, they may be cleaned by backwashing. Self-cleaning screen filters utilize point-of-suction backwashing to clean the screen without interrupting system flow. [clarification ...

  9. Water purification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

    Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The goal is to produce water that is fit for specific purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption ( drinking water ), but water purification may also be carried out for a variety of ...

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