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Pediatrics, neurology. Acute cerebellar ataxia of childhood is a childhood condition characterized by an unsteady gait, most likely secondary to an autoimmune response to infection, drug induced or paraneoplastic. [1] The most common viruses causing acute cerebellar ataxia are chickenpox virus and Epstein–Barr virus, leading to a childhood ...
Nystagmus as seen in a case of ocular albinism. The cause of pathological nystagmus may be congenital, idiopathic, or secondary to a pre-existing neurological disorder.It also may be induced temporarily by disorientation (such as on roller coaster rides or when a person has been spinning in circles) or by some drugs (alcohol, lidocaine, and other central nervous system depressants, inhalant ...
Spinocerebellar ataxia ( SCA) is a progressive, degenerative, [ 1] genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a neurological condition in its own right. An estimated 150,000 people in the United States have a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia at any given time. SCA is hereditary, progressive, degenerative, and ...
Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus. The optokinetic reflex ( OKR ), also referred to as the optokinetic response, or optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), is a compensatory reflex that supports visual image stabilization. [ 1] The purpose of OKR is to prevent image blur on the retina that would otherwise occur when an animal moves its head or navigates ...
Parinaud's syndrome is a constellation of neurological signs indicating injury to the dorsal midbrain. More specifically, compression of the vertical gaze center at the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). It is a group of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction and is named for Henri Parinaud [ 6 ...
ICD-9-CM. 95.44. MedlinePlus. 003429. In medicine, the caloric reflex test (sometimes termed 'vestibular caloric stimulation ') is a test of the vestibulo-ocular reflex that involves irrigating cold or warm water or air into the external auditory canal. This method was developed by Robert Bárány, who won a Nobel prize in 1914 for this discovery.
Dissociated vertical deviation. Dissociated vertical deviation ( DVD) is an eye condition which occurs in association with a squint, typically infantile esotropia. The exact cause is unknown, although it is logical to assume it is from faulty innervation of eye muscles.
Pendular nystagmus is a sinusoidal oscillation, which refers to the waveform of involuntary eye movements that may occur in any direction. [1] It is characterized by the multidimensional slow eye movements of the eyes (1 Hz frequency) with an equal velocity in each direction that resembles the trajectory of a pendulum . [ 2 ]